Friday, April 22, 2016

Marriage to a Female Captive

(Deuteronomy 21:10 - 21:14)
In the event that you go to war and Jehovah your god delivers your enemies into your hands and you take some of them as captives, you may find among them a beautiful woman that you are attracted to and wish to marry.  In such a case, you may take her to your home, shave her head and pare her nails and have her change out of the clothes she was wearing when she was taken captive.  She can remain in your home for a full month mourning her father and mother.  After that time, you may marry her; you will be her husband and she will be your wife.  However, if she does not satisfy you, you may release her and she may go where she wishes.  You must not sell her nor must you treat her as a slave, even though you have forced her to become your wife.

Notes
1. It seems almost out of character for Jehovah to sanction marriage between an Israelite man and a foreign woman captured in war, considering his extreme xenophobia and his expressed priority of keeping his Chosen People away from exotic influences. It seems a contradiction to earlier pronouncements.

2. The question is unanswered whether a marriage to a foreign captive of war has the same standing as a marriage to a fellow Israelite.  Divorce in the former case seems to be without restrictions or ceremony.

3.  While the former captive is more or less impressed into marriage (there is no consideration as to whether the woman wishes the marriage or not), she does achieve through the marriage with an Israelite a status higher than that a slave who is bought and sold.  But after she has been divorced and can go her own way, what is her destiny, what opportunities are open for her -- employment, another marriage?  How would Israelite society regard somewhat of her background?

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